This book provides a comprehensive overview of the concept of digital twins, emphasising its strategic importance across various commercial domains. This book covers the fundamentals, data requirements, tools, and technologies essential for understanding and implementing digital twins. It discusses how digital twins are used for running simulations, analysing performance issues, and generating potential improvements to optimise business processes. The book explores the architecture, historical background, and real-time applications in sectors including urban planning, healthcare, smart cities, and manufacturing.

• Explains digital twin technology, including its core principles, architecture, and how it replicates physical objects in virtual platforms, in detail

• Covers the data types and tools necessary for creating and maintaining digital twins, including sensors, data processing systems, and integration methodologies

• Explores technologies such as Computer Vision, IoT, AI, ML, 5G, AR, and VR that drive the functionality and application of digital twins

• Analyses practical applications in diverse sectors like urban planning, smart cities, healthcare, manufacturing operations, and power-generation equipment, showcasing real-world use cases and benefits

• Examines real-time challenges and limitations associated with implementing digital twin technology, providing a balanced view of its capabilities and constraints

It is a reference book for researchers, scholars, and students who are working or interested in learning about digital twin technology.

Dr. Lavanya Sharma received her Ph.D. (Computer Science) from Uttarakhand Technical University (State Government University), India in 2018, in Digital Image Processing and Computer Vision. She also received TEQIP scholarship for the same. She received her M.Tech (Computer Science) in 2013 from Manav Rachna College of Engineering, affiliated to Maharshi Dayanand University, Haryana, India. She is currently working in Amity University as an Assistant Professor, Senior Research Team member. Her work is on Motion based Object Detection using Background Subtraction Technique for Smart Video Surveillance. She is recipient of several prestigious awards during her academic career and has qualified certification courses from ISRO Dehradun unit, India. She has published 8 books (Authored and Edited) and over 70 research articles. She has 2 patents in Computer Vision (Object Detection and Tracking). She has acted as Organizing Committee Member, Conference Chair, Session Chair, Reviewer, Technical Program Committee (TCP) member for various National Conferences and International conferences. She has developed various new courses and practical exercises in Computer Science Engineering. Besides, supervising a large number of undergraduate projects, she has guided more than 40 Postgraduate projects. Presently, she is an Editorial Member/ Reviewer of various journals of repute and an active program committee member of various conferences. Her primary research interests are Digital Image Processing and Computer Vision, Artificial Intelligence, Machine learning, deep learning, Internet of Things. (Google H index-20, I Index 34).

Prof. P.K. Garg worked as a Vice Chancellor, Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun. Presently he is working in the department of Civil Engineering, IIT Roorkee as a Professor. He has completed B.Tech (Civil Engg.) in 1980 and M.Tech (Civil Engg) in 1982 both from the University of Roorkee (now IIT Roorkee). He is a recipient of Gold Medal at IIT Roorkee to stand first during M.Tech programme, Commonwealth Scholarship Award for doing Ph.D. from University of Bristol (UK), and Commonwealth Fellowship Award to carry out post-doctoral research work at University of Reading (UK). Prof. Garg has published more than 300 technical papers in national and international conferences and journals. He has undertaken 26 research projects and provided technical services to 83 consultancy projects on various aspects of Civil Engineering, generating funds for the Institute. He has authored and edited various books and produced two technical films on Story of Mapping. He has developed several new courses and practical exercises in Geomatics Engineering. Besides, supervising a large no. of undergraduate projects, he has guided about 74 M.Tech and 30 Ph.D. Thesis. He is instrumental in prestigious MHRD funded projects on e-learning; Development of Virtual Labs, Pedagogy and courses under NPTEL. He has served as experts on various national committees, including Ministry of Environment & Forest, EAEC Committee, NBA (AICTE) and Project Evaluation Committee, DST, New Delhi. Prof. Garg has reviewed a large number of papers for national and international journals. Considering the need to train the human resource in the country, he has successfully organized 44 programmes in advanced areas of Surveying, Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing, GIS and GPS. He has successfully organized 10 conferences and workshops. He is a life member of 24 professional societies, out of which he is a Fellow member of 8 societies.