For decades, we’ve been promised that a hydrogen economy is just around the corner: a high-tech Eden in which our cars, homes, and industries would be powered not by fossil fuels but by hydrogen from pollution-free sources. After billions in investment, hydrogen has failed to live up to these overblown promises. Yet it is as hyped as ever, a target of media enthusiasm and hefty investment from government and industry. Is it time to accept that the "fuel of the future" may never arrive? 

In 2003, energy expert Joesph J. Romm wrote The Hype About Hydrogen to explain why hydrogen wasn’t the panacea we were promised—and may never be. In this newly revised and updated edition, Romm builds an even stronger case, explaining the barriers hydrogen faces, from its inefficiency as an energy carrier to the “chicken-and-egg” problem in infrastructure development and the risk of increased global warming from hydrogen leaks and emissions. In a series of significant updates, Romm breaks down the latest methods of production, including "green" hydrogen, hydrogen made with nuclear power, geologic hydrogen, and “blue” hydrogen from natural gas with carbon capture and storage (CCS), laying out the challenges with each. He then explores the limitations of suggested applications of hydrogen, including e-fuels made with direct air capture of CO2, hydrogen cars, and heating in buildings and industry. 

The Hype About Hydrogen is essential reading for anyone who hopes that hydrogen will be a major solution to the climate crisis. The good news? We don’t need it to be. With advancements in renewables and battery technology, electrification offers us a path forward that is cleaner, safer—and can be implemented today. 

Dr. Joseph Romm was principal deputy and then acting assistant secretary of energy efficiency and renewable energy in the mid-1990s, overseeing a $1 billion budget on climate solutions for transportation, buildings, and industry, including hydrogen, fuel cells, energy storage, bioenergy, and renewables. He is a senior research fellow at the University of Pennsylvania Center for Science, Sustainability, and the Media, where he researches climate solutions. In 2009, Rolling Stone named him one of 100 "People Who Are Reinventing America," and Time named him "Hero of the Environment." He received the 2024 Ban Ki-Moon Award for Environmental Leadership from the former U.N. Secretary General. He has authored eleven books, including the original The Hype About Hydrogen, which was named one of the best science and technology books of 2004 by Library Journal. His TEDx talk is “The Surprising Truth About Solving Climate Change.” He holds a PhD in physics from MIT.