This book addresses the complexity of mixed language classroom learning environments in which heritage learners (HL) and second language (L2) learners are concurrently exposed to language learning in the same physical space. Heritage speakers, defined widely as those exposed to the target language at home from an early age, tend to display higher oral proficiency and increased intercultural proficiency but lesser metalinguistic and grammatical awareness than L2 learners. The theoretical and pedagogical challenges of engaging both types of learners simultaneously without polarizing the classroom community dictates the need for well-defined, differentiated learning strategies; in response this book offers best practices and reproducible pedagogical initiatives and methodologies for different levels of instruction. The chapters address themes including translanguaging, linguistic identity, metalinguistic awareness and intercultural competence, with contributions from Europe, Africa and the United States.

Patricia Bayona is Associate Professor of Spanish, Elementary Spanish Coordinator, and Director of the Language Resource Center in North Central College, USA. Her work focuses on serving Spanish heritage students by providing theoretical knowledge and empirical wisdom to pre-service and professional teachers. She is the author of “Saber español sí sirve” Academic Validation of Spanish as a Heritage Language (De Gruyter, 2018).

Elena García-Martín is Associate Professor of Spanish and Coordinator of the Professional Spanish Minor at North Central College, USA. Her research explores issues of cultural identity and multilingualism. Some of her latest work deals with performative teaching and cultural proficiency, crucial aspects to heritage language acquisition.